Assuntos
Cianoacrilatos/efeitos adversos , Dermatomicoses/complicações , Tórax em Funil/cirurgia , Técnicas de Sutura/instrumentação , Adesivos Teciduais/efeitos adversos , Cicatrização , Adolescente , Dermatomicoses/diagnóstico , Dermatomicoses/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologiaRESUMO
Melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are the most common forms of dyschromia in patients with skin of color. Both are associated with a high psychological burden of disease. To exacerbate this burden, the need for treatment is chronic, and the results are often suboptimal in the eyes of the patient. Successful treatment is therefore contingent upon a correct diagnosis, patient education, and a carefully considered therapeutic approach. The latter is often multimodal in its design, incorporating sun protection, topical and systemic medications, and in some cases, procedural intervention. Although topical hydroquinone is a mainstay of treatment for melasma and PIH, there are alternatives that have emerged as of late that have shown varying degrees of promise, both in terms of safety and efficacy. In this article, we review the epidemiological, clinical, and histologic features of melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and discuss important considerations for both established and emerging treatments for these vexingly common and difficult to treat conditions.
Assuntos
Dermatite/complicações , Hiperpigmentação/terapia , Melanose/terapia , Administração Cutânea , Administração Oral , Abrasão Química , Fármacos Dermatológicos/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Hiperpigmentação/epidemiologia , Hiperpigmentação/etiologia , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Melaninas/metabolismo , Melanose/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Pele/metabolismo , Pele/patologia , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/administração & dosagem , Pigmentação da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pigmentação da Pele/efeitos da radiação , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Protetores Solares/administração & dosagemRESUMO
The Euphorbiaceae family (commonly known as "spurge") is a large, diverse, and widely distributed family of plants that encompass around 300 genera and more than 8000 species. Their attractiveness and hearty nature have made them popular for both indoor ornamentation and outdoor landscaping. Despite their ubiquity, the potential to cause irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is often overlooked in favor of more notorious causes of phytodermatitis, namely, Toxicodendron species and nettles. We examined case reports spanning 40 years and discovered that spurge-induced ICD tends to befall children and middle-aged adults who unwittingly encounter the plant through play or horticulture, respectively. Clinical presentation is pleomorphic. Erythema, edema, burning, vesicles, and pruritus of acute onset and rapid resolution are frequently observed. We present a classic case of ICD in a 12-year-old girl after exposure to Euphorbia myrsinites and review the literature on phytodermatitis caused by members of the Euphorbiaceae family.
